Here is a list of common environment variables in Linux and their description:
USER – your current username
SHELL – the path to the current command shell (for example, /bin/bash)
PWD – the present working directory
HOSTNAME – the current hostname of the computer
HOME – your home directory
MAIL – the location of the user’s mail spool. Usually /var/spool/mail/USER.
LANG – your current language
TZ – your time zone
PS1 – the default prompt in bash
TERM – the current terminal type (for example, xterm)
DISPLAY – the display used by X. This variable is usually set to :0.0, which means the first display on the current computer.
HISTFILESIZE – the maximum number of lines contained in the history file
EDITOR – the user’s preferred text editor
MANPATH – the list of directories to search for manual pages
OSTYPE – the type of operating system
SHELL – the path to the current command shell (for example, /bin/bash)
PWD – the present working directory
HOSTNAME – the current hostname of the computer
HOME – your home directory
MAIL – the location of the user’s mail spool. Usually /var/spool/mail/USER.
LANG – your current language
TZ – your time zone
PS1 – the default prompt in bash
TERM – the current terminal type (for example, xterm)
DISPLAY – the display used by X. This variable is usually set to :0.0, which means the first display on the current computer.
HISTFILESIZE – the maximum number of lines contained in the history file
EDITOR – the user’s preferred text editor
MANPATH – the list of directories to search for manual pages
OSTYPE – the type of operating system
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